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Blackboard bold is a style of writing bold symbols on a blackboard by doubling certain strokes, commonly used in mathematical lectures, and the derived style of typeface used in printed mathematical texts. The style is most commonly used to represent the number sets \N (natural numbers), \Z (integers), \Q (rational numbers), \R (real numbers), and \C (complex numbers). To imitate a bold typeface on a typewriter, a character can be typed over itself (called ''double-striking''); symbols thus produced are called double-struck, and this name is sometimes adopted for blackboard bold symbols, for instance in Unicode glyph names. In typography, a typeface with characters that are not solid is called ''inline'', ''handtooled'', or ''open face''. History Traditionally, various symbols were indicated by boldface in print but on blackboards and in manuscripts "by wavy underscoring, or enclosure in a circle, or even by wavy overscoring". Most typewriters have no dedicated bold charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackboard Bold On A Blackboard
A blackboard or a chalkboard is a reusable writing surface on which text or drawings are made with sticks of calcium sulphate or calcium carbonate, better known as chalk. Blackboards were originally made of smooth, thin sheets of black or dark grey slate stone. Design A blackboard can simply be a board painted with a dark matte (surface), matte paint (usually black, occasionally dark green). Matte black plastic sign material (known as closed-cell PVC foamboard) is also used to create custom chalkboard art. Blackboards on an A-frame are used by restaurants and bars to advertise daily specials. Adhesive chalkboard surface is also available in stores as rolls of textured black plastic shelf covering, which is applied to the desired wall, door or other surface. A more modern variation consists of a coiled sheet of plastic drawn across two parallel rollers, which can be scrolled to create additional writing space while saving what has been written. The highest grade blackboards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boldface
In typography, emphasis is the strengthening of words in a text with a font in a different style from the rest of the text, to highlight them. It is the equivalent of prosody stress in speech. Methods and use The most common methods in Western typography fall under the general technique of emphasis through a change or modification of font: ''italics'', boldface and . Other methods include the alteration of LETTER CASE and as well as color and *additional graphic marks*. Font styles and variants The human eye is very receptive to differences in "brightness within a text body." Therefore, one can differentiate between types of emphasis according to whether the emphasis changes the " blackness" of text, sometimes referred to as typographic color. A means of emphasis that does not have much effect on blackness is the use of ''italics'', where the text is written in a script style, or '' oblique'', where the vertical orientation of each letter of the text is slanted to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AMS-TeX
AMS-LaTeX is a collection of LaTeX document classes and packages developed for the American Mathematical Society (AMS). Its additions to LaTeX include the typesetting of multi-line and other mathematical statements, document classes, and fonts containing numerous mathematical symbols. It has largely superseded the plain TeX macro package AMS-TeX. AMS-TeX was originally written by Michael Spivak, and was used by the AMS from 1983 to 1985. MathJax supports AMS-LaTeX through extensions. The following code of the LaTeX2e produces the AMS-LaTeX logo: %%% -- AMS-LaTeX_logo.tex ------- \documentclass \usepackage \begin \AmS-\LaTeX \end The package has a suite of facilities to format multi-line equations. For example, the following code, \begin y &= (x+1)^2 \\ &= x^2+2x+1 \end causes the equals signs in the two lines to be aligned with one another, like this: : \begin y &= (x+1)^2 \\ &= x^2+2x+1 \end AMS-LaTeX also includes many flexible co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Mathematical Society
The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs. The society is one of the four parts of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics and a member of the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences. History The AMS was founded in 1888 as the New York Mathematical Society, the brainchild of Thomas Fiske, who was impressed by the London Mathematical Society on a visit to England. John Howard Van Amringe became the first president while Fiske became secretary. The society soon decided to publish a journal, but ran into some resistance over concerns about competing with the '' American Journal of Mathematics''. The result was the ''Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society'', with Fiske as editor-in-chief. The de facto journal, as intended, was influentia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The TeXbook
''Computers and Typesetting'' is a 5-volume set of books by Donald Knuth published in 1986 describing the TeX and Metafont systems for digital typography. Knuth's computers and typesetting project was the result of his frustration with the lack of decent software for the typesetting of mathematical and technical documents. The results of this project include TeX for typesetting, Metafont for font construction and the Computer Modern typefaces that are the default fonts used by TeX. In the series of five books Knuth not only describes the TeX and Metafont languages (volumes A and C), he also describes and documents the source code (in the WEB programming language) of the TeX and Metafont interpreters (volumes B and D), and the source code for the Computer Modern fonts used by TeX (volume E). The book set stands as a tour de force demonstration of literate programming Literate programming (LP) is a programming paradigm introduced in 1984 by Donald Knuth in which a computer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Modern
Computer Modern is the original family of typefaces used by the typesetting program TeX. It was created by Donald Knuth with his Metafont program, and was most recently updated in 1992. Computer Modern and its variants remain very widely used in scientific publishing, especially in disciplines that make frequent use of mathematical notation. Design Computer Modern is a "Didone (typography), Didone", or modern serif font, a genre that emerged in the late 18th century as a contrast to the more organic designs that preceded them. Didone fonts have high contrast between thick and thin elements, and their axis of "stress" or thickening is perfectly vertical. Computer Modern was specifically based on the 10 point size of the American Monotype Corporation, Lanston Monotype Company's Modern Extended 8A, part of a family Monotype originally released in 1896. This was one of many modern faces issued by typefounders and Monotype around this period, and the standard style for body text print ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
